Learn / FMK
Every FMK condition
299 diseases, deficiencies, toxicities and drug mechanisms harvested from every FMK deck — the ones sprinkled through a single bullet as much as the ones with their own slide. Pick what you're given and what you have to name, or let it cycle; distractors come from the same category so you have to discriminate (hypoketotic vs. ketotic hypoglycemia, which GSD, which urea-cycle enzyme…). Every answer shows the whole card with the lecture and slide.
Lipid · FMK 03.4
Alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA) Acquired / not inherited
Defect / target: ↑ NADH + low insulin/high glucagon after binge with poor nutrition
Mechanism: Impaired gluconeogenesis keeps insulin low and glucagon high, driving lipolysis and ketogenesis; the high NADH shifts acetoacetate to β-hydroxybutyrate.
↑ Accumulates: β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB/acetoacetate ratio ↑↑), acetoacetate· ↓ Deficient: glucose, glycogen
Presentation: chronic drinker + poor nutrition + recent binge + abstinence/withdrawal
Labs: anion-gap metabolic acidosis, ↑ ketones (nitroprusside test may be falsely negative — misses β-OHB), glucose often normal or low (unlike DKA)
Treatment: IV fluids + glucose + thiamine; no insulin needed
Learn the mechanism: Ketogenesis & ketone body use →Reasoning case →
FMK 03.4 Fructose, Galactose & Ethanol Metabolism · slide 17, 21, 26