Learn / FMK
Every FMK condition
299 diseases, deficiencies, toxicities and drug mechanisms harvested from every FMK deck — the ones sprinkled through a single bullet as much as the ones with their own slide. Pick what you're given and what you have to name, or let it cycle; distractors come from the same category so you have to discriminate (hypoketotic vs. ketotic hypoglycemia, which GSD, which urea-cycle enzyme…). Every answer shows the whole card with the lecture and slide.
Vitamin · FMK 05.1
Vitamin D deficiency: rickets (child) / osteomalacia (adult) Acquired / not inherited
Defect / target: Deficient vitamin D (7-dehydrocholesterol/UV-B → D3 → liver 25-OH → kidney 1,25-(OH)₂ calcitriol); or fat malabsorption of dietary D
Mechanism: Inadequate calcitriol reduces intestinal calcium absorption (calbindin), so a continuously forming collagen matrix is not mineralized, giving soft fracture-prone bone; growth-plate deformity only in children.
↑ Accumulates: unmineralized osteoid· ↓ Deficient: 25-OH-D3 / calcitriol, Ca²⁺
Presentation: soft, fracture-prone bone; growth-plate deformity in children; case: outdoor patient with 'critically low' vitamin D (bile-acid/fat malabsorption link)
Labs: ↓ Ca²⁺, variable PTH, ↓ 25-OH-D3 (storage form measured)
Treatment: vitamin D/calcitriol
Liver = storage form (25-OH, what we measure); kidney = active form (calcitriol)
Learn the mechanism: Cholesterol synthesis →
FMK 05.1 Cholesterol & Steroid Synthesis · slide 2, 15, 24; FMK 04.4 slide 10