Learn / FMK
Every FMK condition
299 diseases, deficiencies, toxicities and drug mechanisms harvested from every FMK deck — the ones sprinkled through a single bullet as much as the ones with their own slide. Pick what you're given and what you have to name, or let it cycle; distractors come from the same category so you have to discriminate (hypoketotic vs. ketotic hypoglycemia, which GSD, which urea-cycle enzyme…). Every answer shows the whole card with the lecture and slide.
Vitamin · FMK 07.1
Hyperhomocysteinemia (acquired; B6/B12/folate deficiency) Acquired / not inherited
Defect / target: Deficiency of folate, vitamin B6, or vitamin B12 — cofactors for methionine synthase (B12, N⁵-methyl-THF) and cystathionine β-synthase (B6)
Mechanism: Impaired remethylation (B12/folate) or transsulfuration (B6) of homocysteine raises plasma homocysteine, an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke.
↑ Accumulates: Plasma homocysteine· ↓ Deficient: Folate, B6, and/or B12
Presentation: Increased risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke
Labs: Elevated plasma homocysteine inversely proportional to folate, B6, B12 status
Treatment: Folate, B6, B12 repletion
B6 = transamination + transsulfuration; B12 = methionine synthase + methylmalonyl-CoA mutase; folate = FIGlu + remethylation
Learn the mechanism: Methionine cycle & homocysteine's two fates →
FMK 07.1 Amino Acid Metabolism I · slide 27, 28, 29, 32