Learn / FMK
Every FMK condition
299 diseases, deficiencies, toxicities and drug mechanisms harvested from every FMK deck — the ones sprinkled through a single bullet as much as the ones with their own slide. Pick what you're given and what you have to name, or let it cycle; distractors come from the same category so you have to discriminate (hypoketotic vs. ketotic hypoglycemia, which GSD, which urea-cycle enzyme…). Every answer shows the whole card with the lecture and slide.
Heme · FMK 08.4
Hepatic (hepatocellular) jaundice Acquired / not inherited
Defect / target: Damaged hepatocytes failing at uptake, conjugation and canalicular excretion simultaneously
Mechanism: Injured hepatocytes cannot take up, conjugate or excrete bilirubin efficiently, so both unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin rise while transaminases leak from injured cells.
↑ Accumulates: Mixed conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin; conjugated bilirubin in urine
Presentation: Jaundice with dark urine, normal-to-pale stool; causes: viral hepatitis, cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease, drug/toxin-induced liver injury (acetaminophen, carbon tetrachloride, chloroform)
Labs: Mixed hyperbilirubinemia, bilirubinuria present, variable urine urobilinogen, AST/ALT markedly elevated out of proportion to ALP
Treatment: Treat underlying liver disease; remove hepatotoxin
AST/ALT >> ALP = hepatocellular pattern
Learn the mechanism: Heme degradation & bilirubin (jaundice) →
FMK 08.4 Heme Metabolism · slide 25, 26, 30; handout